2024小升初英语语法大全

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  目前小升初英语的考试不会考查咱孩子听与说的能力,更注重语法知识的考查,所以相对而言语法弱的孩子,迎战小升初会比较拉分。小编整理了2024小升初英语语法大全,希望能帮助到您。tCy本库

  2024小升初英语语法大全tCy本库

  一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格tCy本库

  (一)名词单复数tCy本库

  1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedstCy本库

  2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchestCy本库

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberriestCy本库

  4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knivestCy本库

  5.不规则名词复数:tCy本库

  man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micetCy本库

  child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-JapanesetCy本库

  不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, teatCy本库

  (二)名词的格tCy本库

  (1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:tCy本库

  a) 单数后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirttCy本库

  b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’如: his friends’ bagstCy本库

  c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 ’s children’s shoestCy本库

  ? 并列名词中,如果把 ’s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:tCy本库

  Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车tCy本库

  ? 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’stCy本库

  Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车tCy本库

  (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系:如:tCy本库

  a picture of the classroom a map of ChinatCy本库

  二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:tCy本库

  (1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncletCy本库

  元音开头的可数名词前用an :tCy本库

  an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /tCy本库

  an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / antCy本库

  exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /tCy本库

  (2)定冠词:the the egg the planetCy本库

  2. 用法:tCy本库

  定冠词的用法:tCy本库

  (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.tCy本库

  (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.tCy本库

  (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school.tCy本库

  (4)在序数词前: John’s birthday is February the second.tCy本库

  (5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / eveningtCy本库

  不用冠词的情况:tCy本库

  (1)专有名词前:China is a big country.tCy本库

  (2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:tCy本库

  This is my baseball.tCy本库

  (3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.tCy本库

  (4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.tCy本库

  (5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.tCy本库

  (6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.tCy本库

  * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.tCy本库

  (7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.tCy本库

  (8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.tCy本库

  (9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bustCy本库

  三、代词:人称代词,物主代词tCy本库

  人称代词 物主代词tCy本库

  主格 宾格tCy本库

  第一tCy本库

  人称 单数 I(我) me my(我的)tCy本库

  复数 we(我们) us our(我们的)tCy本库

  第二tCy本库

  人称 单数 you(你) you your(你的)tCy本库

  复数 you(你们) you your(你们的)tCy本库

  第三tCy本库

  人称 单数 he(他) him his(他的)tCy本库

  she(她) her her(她的)tCy本库

  it(它) it its(它的)tCy本库

  复数 they(他们/她们/它们) them their(他们的/她们的/它们的)tCy本库

  四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级tCy本库

  (一)、形容词的比较级tCy本库

  1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, atCy本库

  little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。tCy本库

  2.形容词加er的规则:tCy本库

  ⑴ 一般在词尾加er ;tCy本库

  ⑵ 以字母e 结尾,加r ;tCy本库

  ⑶ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;tCy本库

  ⑷ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。tCy本库

  3.不规则形容词比较级:tCy本库

  good-better, beautiful-more beautifultCy本库

  (二)副词的比较级tCy本库

  1.形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)tCy本库

  ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后tCy本库

  ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后tCy本库

  2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)tCy本库

  五 数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词tCy本库

  (1)1-20tCy本库

  one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,tCy本库

  sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twentytCy本库

  (2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。tCy本库

  23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→tCy本库

  eighty-nine,91→ninety-onetCy本库

  (3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;tCy本库

  586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and threetCy本库

  (4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“tCy本库

  ,”前为billiontCy本库

  1,001→one thousand and onetCy本库

  18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-threetCy本库

  6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and ninetCy本库

  750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billiontCy本库

  二、序数词tCy本库

  (1)一般在基数词后加thtCy本库

  eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenthtCy本库

  (2)不规则变化tCy本库

  one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfthtCy本库

  (3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加thtCy本库

  twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetiethtCy本库

  (4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。tCy本库

  twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifthtCy本库

  基数词转为序数词的口诀:tCy本库

  基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.tCy本库

  一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.tCy本库

  八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。tCy本库

  ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.tCy本库

  若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。tCy本库

  六、介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等tCy本库

  1.at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。tCy本库

  at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)tCy本库

  2.ontCy本库

  1)表示具体日期。tCy本库

  注:(1)关于“在周末”的几种表示法:tCy本库

  at(on)the weekend在周末---特指tCy本库

  at(on)weekends在周末---泛指tCy本库

  over the weekend在整个周末tCy本库

  during the weekend在周末期间tCy本库

  (2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说on ChristmastCy本库

  2)在(刚……)的时候。tCy本库

  On reaching the city he called up his parents.tCy本库

  一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。tCy本库

  3.intCy本库

  1)表示“时段”、“时期”,在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during)1988(December,tCy本库

  the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)tCy本库

  七、动词:动词的四种时态:tCy本库

  (1)一般现在时:tCy本库

  一般现在时的构成tCy本库

  1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。tCy本库

  2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如: We study English. 我们学习英语。tCy本库

  当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。tCy本库

  动词+s的变化规则tCy本库

  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milkstCy本库

  2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goestCy本库

  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studiestCy本库

  (2)一般过去时:tCy本库

  动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:tCy本库

  A、规则动词tCy本库

  ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visitedtCy本库

  ②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , usedtCy本库

  ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study – studied carry – carried worry–tCy本库

  worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)tCy本库

  ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedtCy本库

  B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat– ate ,tCy本库

  see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get –got , read – readtCy本库

  ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,tCy本库

  are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew ,come – came , losetCy本库

  – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felttCy本库

  (3)一般将来时:tCy本库

  基本结构: ①be going to + do;tCy本库

  ②will+ do. be going to = willtCy本库

  I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.tCy本库

  (4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词tCy本库

  动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:tCy本库

  ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eatingtCy本库

  ② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having , writingtCy本库

  ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , gettingtCy本库

  第三部分:句法tCy本库

  1.陈述句tCy本库

  (1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.tCy本库

  There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.tCy本库

  (2)、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.tCy本库

  He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.tCy本库

  He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.tCy本库

  2. 疑问句tCy本库

  一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。tCy本库

  特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该tCy本库

  问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。tCy本库

  3.There be句型tCy本库

  There be 句型与have, has的区别tCy本库

  1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c omtCy本库

  2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be 动tCy本库

  词的那个名词决定。tCy本库

  3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。tCy本库

  4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。tCy本库

  5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑问句。tCy本库

  6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑问句。tCy本库

  7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:tCy本库

  How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?tCy本库

  How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?tCy本库

  8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:tCy本库

  What’s + 介词短语?tCy本库


2024小升初英语语法大全相关文章:tCy本库

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